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Here is an essay on ‘Wild Animals’ for class 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on ‘Wild Animals’ especially written for school and college students.
Essay on Wild Animals
Essay Contents:
- Essay on Lion (Panthera Leo Persica)
- Essay on Tiger (Panthera Tigris Tigris)
- Essay on Leopard or Panther (Panthera Pardus)
- Essay on Elephant (Elephas Maximus)
- Essay on Gaur (Bos Gaurus)
- Essay on Rhinoceros/One-Horned Rhinocerus (Rhinoceros Unicornis)
- Essay on Bear
- Essay on Cheetal (Axis Axis)
- Essay on Sambhar (Cervus Unicolor)
- Essay on Barasingha/Swamp Deer (Cervus Duvauceli)
- Essay on Blackbuck (Antilope Cervicapra)
- Essay on Chausingha/Four-Horned Antelope (Tetracerus Quadricornis)
Essay # 1. Lion (Panthera Leo Persica):
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It is a gregarious top carnivorous animal leading family life. Though, it has characteristic of territorialism but less than the tiger. It prefers open scrub forest as its habitat but mixed thorny deciduous forest is also liked. The temperature of the habitat should not be more than 45°C in summer and not below 5°C in winter.
It is found presently only in Gir Forest of Gujarat State in our country as well as in the whole Asian continent and, hence, also called as Asiatic Lion. The other race is in Africa in the world.
Since it is found only in Gir forest, its management requires too much attention. There should be perfect conservation to enhance-its population. The habitat should be improved to raise the carrying-capacity for the prey species to meet the full demand of lion so that population may go up in proper direction.
There should be total control in grazing of the livestock to fulfill the food requirement of herbivorous prey species. The habitat should be manipulated properly to supply basic requirements of the lions. To save from epidemics, it should be introduced in other habitats which will also help in raising population.
Essay # 2. Tiger (Panthera Tigris Tigris):
Tiger is a top carnivorous animal. It is solitary in nature having apparent territory. It is nocturnal predator living in dense forest to get easiness in killing the prey. It lives in all types of forest such as thorny forest, dry and moist deciduous forest, evergreen and semi-evergreen forest.
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To raise its population, the habitat-improvement is the most important. Pasture lands should be improved raising the carrying-capacity of the habitat for herbivorous preys which will ultimately enhance the population of the tiger. There should be control-grazing or ban on grazing, as needed, for livestock. Other basic needs of the target species should be improved in the habitat.
Essay # 3. Leopard or Panther (Panthera Pardus):
It lives in almost all types of forest like tiger. Unlike tiger, it kills the small preys. It is unable to hunt big size prey like sambhar, barasingha, nilgai etc. It is nocturnal in habit. By habitat-improvement, its basic requirements should be fulfilled to enhance its population. For the purpose, the number of its prey species should be increased through proper management.
Essay # 4. Elephant (Elephas Maximus):
It is found in plain and hilly forest generally up to 1 500 m elevation but may be up to 3000 m as seen in Burma. Since, it needs lot of water for bathing and drinking, there must be perenniel river, lake etc. in the habitat.
For food, there should be bamboo and grass in sufficient quantity. It is migratory in nature in. search of food. In rainy season, it descends in open grasslands. An adult elephant consumes about 3 quintals green fodder daily and 30-50 gallons (150-250 Its) water.
From management point of view, the habitat should be improved in such a way that it can meet its food and water demands. Sufficient waterholes should be managed and its preferred food species should be planted.
Besides these, there should be forest-strip of required width connecting one forest to another for the movement of the elephant. Elephants prefer hilly, undulshing terrain where bamboo is abundant. They roam extensively. In summer, they retreat to the denser forest where food, water and cover are plentiful.
Essay # 5. Gaur (Bos Gaurus):
It is gregarious animal but of shy nature. It is the largest animal in the world of family Bovidae. It lives in dense forest having meadows. In hilly areas, it is found below 1500-1800 m height. In its habitat, there should be sufficient quantity of grass and fodder trees. Besides these, sufficient quantity of water is also essential in its habitat.
The habitat should be improved as per the need of the animal for food, water, shelter, and salt-licks to enhance its population. Limiting- factor of the habitat should be removed.
Essay # 6. Rhinoceros/One-Horned Rhinocerus (Rhinoceros Unicornis):
It prefers forest areas having marshy land and tall grasses. It feeds mainly on grasses but sometimes water-hyacinth is also eaten. It also likes agricultural crops and so comes out in such fields.
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Management of the habitat, in accordance with the needs of the animal, should be done specially in the connection of food (grasses) and water. The habitat should be improved in such a way that its carrying-capacity may bring the animal’s population up to optimum- density.
Essay # 7. Bear:
There are several species of bear in India but the following are important:
(a) Sloth Bear (Melursus Ursinus):
It is widely distributed bear in India found in the forest from Himalayan foot-hills to Sri Lanka in south and Assam in east, it has black or black-brown coat with long and shaggy hair. There is a white V-shaped breast mark. The nails are white.
It is nocturnal in habit and comes, out shortly before sunset and forage for whole night eating honey, insects and fruits as main food but also likes maize. When hungry, it also takes carrion. They generally live in places where fallen boulders and rocky out growth are found to take protection from hot sun.
(b) Himalayan Black Bear (Selenarctos Thibetanus):
It is found in forested areas of Himalayas moving up to 3000 m height. It has shorter and smoother coat than Sloth bear of black colour. It has white or yellowish V-shaped breast mark. The nails are black. It is the most carnivorous in nature and kills sheep, fowl, goats and even cattle; though its main food is honey and fruit. It is expert in climbing the trees and nocturnal in nature. It hibernates in the winter.
(c) Brown Bear (Ursus Arctos):
It is found in the Himalayas above the tree-line. It is a large and heavy animal having coat of hair varying in shades of reddish-brown in accordance with the season. It mainly feeds on grass, roots, insects, fruit and grain but also eats meat killing sheep, goat, fowl, and even cattle.
The management of bears should be as per their required ecological-conditions of the habitats to enhance their population. However, the management of sloth bear can be incorporated with that of the tiger and elephant as it shares their habitat.
Essay # 8. Cheetal (Axis Axis):
Its main habitat is moist deciduous forest but it lives in evergreen and thorny forests also. It feeds on different kinds of grasses, leaves, flowers, fruits etc. It remains near the waterholes and consumes more water in comparison to the other species of deer.
For the necessities of water and shelter; cheetal is restricted to live in the forest area having less than 30″ (762 mm) rainfall and, hence, prefers the habitat of large meadows mixed with dense forest in between for shelter and so found in open forest of secondary-succession.
It prefers large open field in the forest and does not live on hills. Edge-effect and Interspersion of the habitat are very much preferred by this species as it gets favourable natural facilities in such conditions.
It is found in herd and is the main prey of top carnivores. The proper management of food, water and shelter in the habitat are the main components for raising its productivity and population. Salt-licks should also be placed for its proper growth.
Essay # 9. Sambhar (Cervus Unicolor):
It prefers open dry deciduous forest but also found in dry and moist deciduous forest as well as evergreen forest. It is the largest among all deer species found in India. It lives in small herds and territorialism is preferred more than other deer.
Large open field in the forest is less liked by sambhar than the cheetal. Since it is an animal of shy nature, it prefers to live in dense forest and at high hills. It is also the prey of top carnivorous animals. Management components are like that of cheetal as per its required ecological-conditions of the habitat.
Essay # 10. Barasingha/Swamp Deer (Cervus Duvauceli):
It is found in moist open grassy fields mixed with marshy lands. There should be sufficient water in its habitat.
Since this species has come up and returned from verge of extinction, its habitat needs much attention and improvement. Limiting-factor should be removed and proper management, as needed for its growth, must be cared for.
Essay # 11. Blackbuck (Antilope Cervicapra):
It is called as Indian antelope which prefers open grassy fields and, hence, found near agricultural-fields also. It lives generally outside the forest in herds. It feeds on small grasses. It can live without water for several days and requires little water and, thus, it is not compelled to live near the water source.
Though in general; antelopes require little water, but blackbuck consumes very littler water and, therefore, water is not the limiting-factor for this species. It is a gregarious animal and male has its territory. For its proper growth and propagation, the grassy fields of its preferred species should be developed specially in summer season near the boundaries of the forest.
Essay # 12. Chausingha/Four-Horned Antelope (Tetracerus Quadricornis):
It prefers dry and bushy savannah habitat but also lives in open grassy field near the forest. It is a solitary animal and generally lives in pair. It also requires little amount of water and can remain without it for several days but needs more water than the blackbuck. Hence, water is not the limiting-factor for this species also like blackbuck.
Management, in order to enhance its population, should be done in developing the habitat as per its ecological requirements.
